“This Budget raises taxes by £40 billion,” Rachel Reeves told the House of Commons this afternoon. Even in the world of Government finances, where big numbers start to sound like small change down the back of the Chancellor’s sofa, that figure stands out. This Labour ministry’s first Budget was, first and foremost, a tax-raising endeavour — and a big one at that.
About £25 billion of extra tax is set to be raised through employers’ national insurance contributions, which will go up from 13.8% to 15% — compounded by a fall in the earnings threshold required to pay the tax, from £9,100 to £5,000. Labour will be hoping taxing employers, rather than taxing employees directly, will allow the party to weather the challenge that this is a stealth tax rise on the very “working people” the Budget was stated to protect.
Less ambiguously targeted was the £9 billion set to be raised by ending non-dom tax arrangements for the global elite, alongside another £2 billion from changing inheritance tax rules, and big hikes in capital gains tax rates. It would be hard to make the charge of these being tax rises on “working people” stick.
And that’s just the tax rises in this Budget. Last week, at the stroke of the Chancellor’s pen, Britain’s fiscal rules were updated to use a different technical definition of debt, opening up capacity for much more state spending: £100 billion more over the next five years, to be exact.
The message was clear: expect more tax and spend from this new government. So far, so Labour. Whether this Budget is the first step in Keir Starmer’s stated mission of “national renewal” will hinge on whether this latest round of tax and spend really does get economic growth back on track.
We’re a decade and a half into consecutive chancellors delivering sober assessments of the public finances. Growth since the financial crisis has been dire, and without growth the only way to keep the books balanced is by cutting back spending — or raising taxes.
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